Explorer

Flexibility and Modularity without limits

explorer_mainExplorer is a multi purpose - Theta/Theta - high resolution diffractometer which, thanks to its direct drive torque motors, offers top performances in many analytical areas, from phase analysis to determination of microstructural properties on bulk or thin film materials. 

Thanks to its modularity and the wide range of accessories and attachments available, EXPLORER allows to perform measurement in different configurations: traditional X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XPD), Reflectometry (XRR), Grazing Incidence X-Ray Diffraction (GIXRD), High Resolution X-Ray Diffraction (HRXRD), Total X-Ray Fluorescence (TXRF), Residual Stress and Texture X-Ray Diffraction. 

The modularity and the flexibility of the GNR X-Ray Explorer allows to start with an entry-level system which can be upgraded to meet new requirements. GNR could supply a wide range of X-ray sources, optics, sample holders, detectors and configurations to satisfy all the analytical needs.

With no limits to its applications, Explorer modular system offers high performances in all analytical areas, ranging from phases quantification of mixtures, to the determination of microstructural properties as residual stress and preferred orientation of crystallites on bulk materials as well as on thin films.

Technical Data

X Ray Generator Maximum Output Power 3 kW (option: 4 kW)
Output Stability < 0.01 % (for 10% power supply fluctuation)
Max Output Voltage 60 kV
Max Output Current 60 mA (option: 80 mA)
Voltage Step Width 0.1 kV
Current Step Width 0.1 mA
Ripple 0.03% rms < 1kHz, 0.75% rms > 1kHz
Preheat and Ramp Automatic preheat and ramp control circuit
Input Voltage 220 Vac +/-10%, 50 or 60 Hz, single phase
Size Width 48.3 cm, height 13.3 cm, depth 56 cm
X-Ray Tube Type Glass (option: Ceramic), Cu Anode, Fine Focus (options: any kind of X-Ray tube)
Focus 0.4 x 8 mm FF (other options available)
Max Output 3.0 kW
Goniometer Configurations Horizontal and vertical Theta/2Theta and Theta/Theta geometry
Measuring circle diameters 400 - 500 - 600 mm or any intermediate settings
Scanning Angular Range - 110° < 2 Theta < + 168° (according to accessories)
Smallest selectable stepsize 0.0001°
Angular reproducibility +/- 0.0001°
Modes of operation Continuous scan, step scan, theta or 2 theta scan, fast scan, theta axis oscillation
Divergence slits 4°; 2°; 1°; 1/2°; 1/4°
Anti-Divergence slits 4°; 2°; 1°; 1/2°; 1/4°
Receiver slits 0.3; 0.2; 0.1 mm
Soller slits 2°
Detector Type Scintillation counter Nal (options: YAP(Ce); multistrip)
Countrate 2 x 10(6) cps
HV/PHA High voltage supply 600 - 2000 V, gain, low, central and high level control
Case Dimensions Width 1400 mm, heigh 1800 mm, depth 850 mm
Leakage X-rays < 1 mSv/Year (full safety shielding according to the international guidelines)
Processing Unit Computer Type Personal Computer, the latest version
Items controlled X-ray generator, goniometer, sample holder, detector, counting chain
Basic Data Processing Qualitative and quantitative phase analysis. Rietveld analysis, crystalline structural analysis, crystallite size and lattice strain, crystallinity calculation, strain, reflectometry.

Applications

  • Routine Cystalline phase identification and quantification
  • Crystallite size - lattice strain and crystallinity calculation
  • Polymorph screening and crystal structure analysis 
  • Residual Stress and Retained Austenite Quantification 
  • Thin Films, Depth Profiling and non ambient analysis 
  • Phase Transition monitorin, tecture and preferred orientations 

 

The optics permit switches between Bragg-Brentano, focusing and parallel beam geometry using Johansson or parabolic mirror monochromators.

The high resolution reflectometry studies can be performed with EXPLORER to characterise layer thickness (from 1 to 500 nm with an accuracy better than 1%), density (with an accuracy better than ± 0.03 g/cm3), surface and interface roughness (from 0 to 5 nm with an accuracy better than ± 0.1 nm).

Measurements at low angles and a thin film attachment for parallel beam geometry allow the study of thin films and multilayers. 

The coupling between a parabolic mirror monochromator and a channel-cut crystal mounted on the incident beam allows to realise a monochromatic parallel beam with high intensity and low divergence, suitable for high resolution measurements.

Request Quote / More Information: